The North Fork Sauk River Trail is located in the Glacier Peak Wilderness section of Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and it passes through true Cascadian old-growth wilderness for its first 2-3 miles. Walking through the giant trees of Cedar Flats Research Natural Area gives one a unique sense of awe and majesty only achieved in the presence of old-growth. Visible are the large roots of a few trees perched on the hillsides that extend nearly all the way down to the trail. The foliage are needles, similar in appearance to true Hemlocks and Douglas fir trees. Carbon dated by. Other Common Names: Western Balsam Poplar, Average Size at Maturity: 30-100 ft tall and 20-30 ft wide. His work now allows giant tree enthusiasts the opportunity to step back to a time when the forest had laid undisturbed for centuries. The cones of this tree grow to be fairly long, around four inches, and have pitchfork-shaped bracts covering up the seeds. Many people are familiar with this tree in its extremely adolescent form when they are chopped and sold as the popular Yule decoration. Full size map: More. The bark is silvery/grey whilst the needles are blue/green or blue/grey. It has an incredible scent that is instantly recognizable. Many were found throughout the Olympic Peninsula by the end of the 19th century, as you can read about here. A large number of Washingtons biggest trees are found in Olympic National Park: more specifically, the Valley of the Rain Forest Giants, another name for the Quinault Valley. Much of the once beautiful and giant tree was destroyed by a fire caused by a lightning strike in 2003. Studied by, Alive with a height of 83.8 meters (275ft), a diameter of 11m (36ft) at its base, and an estimated, Girth of 9.6m. One of the four trees believed to be sacred in the precincts in a, Girth of 16.4m. Exact dating is made difficult by the rotten core of the trunk. The dominant tree here is Noble Fir and although these particular trees arent as massive or wide as western red cedars and Douglas Firs elsewhere near the volcano, Goat Marsh contains eight of the ten largest Noble Firs in the world, some of which reach incredible heights. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? The cones are small, measuring less than an inch long. Many of these giants are over 500 years old and have long developed unique shapes and contortions. The youngest old-growth forests are 200 years old, and the oldest are about 1,000 years old. Eucalyptus diversicolor is a tall forest tree that typically grows to a height of 1060 m (33197 ft) but can reach as high as 90 m (300 ft), making it the tallest tree in Western Australia and one of the tallest in the world. It is the oldest known living (non-clonal) tree in the world. This one is particularly weird because its just pure bleached white bark with only a few spots of leaves.. This 112-acre forest on the east side of Mount St. Helens was set aside in 1947 as a pristine example of ancient Pacific Northwest rainforest to help scientists study its complex and diverse ecosystem. Robert van Pelts Forest Giants of the Pacific Coast identifies two of these towering trees, including Riker! and the Goat Marsh Giant, and hints at another just shy of 300 feet tall - all found in this amazing grove. However, core is missing and date is unconfirmed. The Western Hemlock is the official tree of the state of Washington. But the best section is found between miles three and six, where a parade of grove after grove of gigantic cedars appear. Available for both RF and RM licensing. Grows best in deep, moist, well-drained soils. Image Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis), 12. Native American Heritage Centers of Washington, Winter Birdwatching in the Pacific Northwest, Washington Ghost Towns and Desolate Places. One is located a few hundred feet from the car park and has an absolutely gigantic cedar that must be around 15 feet in diameter and the other is located at about the two mile mark before the trail crosses Indian Creek and starts climbing. This report covers the Washington Cascades. The Pacific Northwest has some of the oldest, thickest and tallest trees of their types. . Walking through the rainforest is truly a surreal experience. Image House Grail is reader-supported. Its a short-lived deciduous tree suited to cooler areas, as they dont tolerate heat and humidity well. Washington State sits in the Pacific Northwest which is home to more evergreen trees than anywhere else in the United States thanks to the humid climate imparted by the nearby Pacific Ocean. Its 63 feet, 5 inches around and 159 feet tall. It is located in Utah, United States. It was between 500 and 1,000 years old, arborists say. One of the largest Douglas Firs in the world, aptly named the Cedar Flats Sentinel grows in this area, off-trail. They are some of the oldest trees found anywhere in North America. The Big Tree (also known as the Trout Lake Big Tree) was a massive Ponderosa pine tree in an old-growth pine and fir forest in southern Washington state, at the southern base of Mount Adams. In the wild, its a vigorous understory tree whose bent limbs can re-root easily when contact with the earth is made. Until 2003, the giant sequoia tree named Washington, was the second largest tree in the world. They thrive in cool summer areas and dont tolerate dry conditions. There's still a piece standing but most of it is laying dead on the ground. These are mighty giants, some that hold special meaning to indigenous peoples who consider them symbols of longevity, others sporting lush, green canopies that host an array of unique flora and fauna. Other Common Names: White Spruce, Mountain Spruce, and Silver Spruce, Average Size at Maturity: 80-130 ft tall and 20-30 ft wide. Matt Martin / alltrails.com Some of the trees here are around 1,000 years old. Update Privacy Preferences OnlyInYourState may earn compensation through affiliate links in this article. 10 Why are evergreen trees special in Washington State? The Grand Fir is a fast-growing tree capable of reaching great heights in the wild. Perhaps more amazing, the Firs around Goat Marsh contain the highest cubic feet per acre of biomass of anywhere in the Northwest, only surpassed by coastal redwoods to the south. AAA membership is subject to terms and conditions. The oldest tree could be right there, and you wouldnt even know it, says Van Pelt, because its not that closely related to size. This tree is called "Quinault Lake Spruce". Today, a monument placed nearby in 1976 commemorates the tree's significance. [citation needed]. This might be a great time of year to go, considering the park is rumored to be haunted. Image Reducing Unwanted Telephone Solicitations and Junk Mail, How to obtain an Apostille or Certificate of Authentication, Apostille and Certificate Authenticity Search, Contact Information and Location - Apostilles, International Student Exchange Agency Program (ISEA), Washington Office of Minority and Womens Business Enterprises (OMWBE), Small Business Development Centers (SBDC), Prevent and Detect Business Identity Theft, Washington Attorney General Consumer Protection, Nonprofit Association of Washington (NAWA), Annual Information Return from Tax-Exempt Org, Legal Actions Taken by the Attorney General. The boardwalk trail protects tree roots and guides folks around the small grove - even around individual trees themselves! The bark is thin, dark, and furrowed and younger trees have a narrow and conical crown, whilst older trees develop a more cylindrical shape. Ponderosa pines like to grow in eastern Washington and thrive in dry soil far from the soggy uplands near the coast. . The tree's stems live no more than 600 years, but its root system's age, Alive. A clonal colony can survive for much longer than an individual tree. This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 05:35. On the eastern slopes of the mountains are scrubby grasslands, open prairies, and agricultural fields. The Washington is also one of the oldest trees at 2,850 years of age. The bark is orange/grey/brown, thin, and scaly. They thrive in moist coastal lands and the low mountains near the coast of the state. The hike ends about 4-5 miles down the canyon, making this an ideal day hike, particularly on a rainy over overcast day. "Mule deer impede Pando's recovery: Implications for aspen resilience from a single-genotype forest", "Post-glacial biogeography of trembling aspen inferred from habitat models and genetic variance in quantitative traits", "Is the world's oldest tree growing in a ravine in Chile? These giants have been growing for more than 500 years and are very tall. Like the limber pines. Van Pelt says a great example is the short, gnarled and mostly dead limber pine in northeastern Oregons Eagle Cap Wilderness, which researchers documented to be over 2,000 years old. Being a varied climate zone, Washington State encompasses mountains, plateaus, coasts, and volcanic peaks, there are plenty of different trees to admire in the wild here. Some of the trees here are around 1,000 years old. Virtually unknown, the Bedal Creek Trail follows the Bedal Creek high from the hillside. For fans of old-growth the best portion of the trail is the first 3-4 miles to around where the trail reaches Bolt Camp. This photo was taken by Archives' Mary Hammer in August 2015, shortly before a wind storm damaged the mighty tree. It is the third largest Sitka spruce by volume (298 cubic metres or 10,540 ft3). Supposedly oldest oak in Europe. Lauded by big tree enthusiasts, including the great conservationist, Randy Stoltmann in his Hiking the Ancient Forests of British Columbia and Washington, the twin Baker River Trail and Baker Lake Trail are easy trails with little elevation gain. Some trees in Washington, Oregon and Idaho have stood for a thousand years. The stumps are enormous and leave hikers wondering how magical and massive these trees would be today if they had been spared. Visiting the Hoh and its Hall of Mosses feels surreal, especially when you take the 1,000-year-old trees into consideration. 9 How old is the oldest tree in the world? One particularly gnarly and stout fir, named the Russ Jolley Fir, looks as if it has anchored this forest for hundreds of years. Recent estimates set the colony's age at several thousand (up to 14,000) years, although tree ring samples date individual stems at rarely more than 130 years. The trail isnt too populated by giant trees but there is the occasional large example. Click here for more ancient forest Guides. Follow the road past the Ohanapecosh Visitors Center and turn left onto Stevens Canyon Road. Itll grow in averagely moist, acidic soils in full sun or partial shade. Because the trail is relatively unused and inconvenient, the boardwalk section has developed a beautiful overgrown look, complete with moss and ferns flanking the path and providing a beautiful retreat from civilization. It is named after its discoverer, forest ranger Kostadin Baikushev. For a guide to the ancient forests of the Olympic Peninsula and Washington Coast, please click here. At Over 1000 Years Old, Some Of The Oldest Trees In The World Are Found In Washington The Hall of Mosses Trail is only a mile long, and it's a nice, easy loop. The foliage consists of flat, short needles with rounded tips and two white lines on the underside. Given that the area receives substantial snowfall in the winter, its amazing that the trees here have time and ability to grow as big as they do. Itll grow in all soil types apart from clay. Darius Kinsey was a famous photographer in Washington from the late 1890s to the 1940s. Mountain hemlocks, unsurprisingly, grow on the sides of tall mountains. One group of nearly-fused trees appears as a massive wall of wood and is a striking sight along the trail. All rights reserved. It can grow in clay, silty loams, and sand-based mediums. The tallest trees in Washington The tallest trees in Washington Tweet Height In this table of height records in Washington only height measurements made by laser (like eg. Young trees produce green cones whilst older trees cones are dark brown. It provides food and habitat for a host of birds and small mammals, including jays and chickadees, amongst others. The Alaska Yellow Cedar is an evergreen with needled foliage native to the Pacific coast from Alaska down to Northern California. You get to walk along the river through a 500-year-old forest, he says. Washingtons forests are home to about 25 native tree species. Top photo is the Grove of the Patriarchs, Mount Rainier National Park. Red alders are one of the fastest growing trees in the United States, and they can grow 3 to 5 feet per year for the first twenty years. The bark has a brownish, red/cinnamon color, and is fissured and scaly with a fibrous inner bark. Finde more about Oldest Tree In Washington State at thesalehunt.com Monkey-puzzles . The Washington is also one of the oldest trees at 2,850 years of age. This verdant, moss-and-fern covered valley is believed to be home to the planets highest number of record-size giant tree species in the smallest recorded area and boasts some of the largest trees outside of California and New Zealand. Towards the end, the trail passes the boundary between the National Forest and into North Cascades National Park where it terminates at a riverside camp next to Sulphide Creek. It, along with other trees benefit from the nutritious soil of the creek that runs through the area. Ponderosa pines are large pine trees that are common in the Pacific Northwest. According to the American Conifer Society, the Alpine Larch is adapted to growing on poor soils on exposed northern slopes up to the tree line. These trees grow in scrubby land that has a savannah appearance rather than in the wet old-growth forests that occupy much of the western part of the state. In the Pacific Northwest, the most common type of old-growth ecosystem is forests dominated by Douglas-firs and western hemlocks, generally 350 to 750 years old. Why does my dog rub himself on the carpet after eating? If you spend enough time in Washington and keep your eyes peeled, you will be able to spot each and every one of these species. Average Size at Maturity: 15-25 ft tall and 15-20 ft wide. Other Common Names: Pacific Madrona, Arbutus, Madroo, Bearberry, Average Size at Maturity: 20-50 ft tall and wide. Pictures of the lake are featured here. These six states are the only ones with more than ten ancient trees total. Of the many hikes profiled in this guide, the North Fork Sauk is, in my opinion, the best mile-for-mile giant tree hike in the Washington Cascades. The World's Largest Western Red Cedar Tree lives on, contrary to reports of its demise in the coastal storm of March 8, 2014. The wood has a high strength-to-weight ratio, making it useful for furniture and musical instruments, amongst other things. The branches grow horizontally, are pendulous, spaced irregularly, and persist on the tree for some time after they die. Other trees can be bought from a local nursery and planted in the yard as ornamental plants or shade trees. You can also spot these trees by their tiny cones. More than 170 feet tall and measuring nearly 20 feet in diameter, its a huge tree, says Van Pelt, and also really bizarre looking. Despite that, it is estimated to be more than 1,000 years old, and much of the tree is dead. This diverse environment has produced trees that can grow 300 feet tall and live over a thousand years and arid trees that look more like shrubs than they do their cousins. Old-growth forests, sometimes simply called old growth, are just that: really old woods. They can mostly be found in moist areas around the coast, as well as in lowlands, and mountain areas. The Western Red Cedar is a popular ornamental tree and is commonly used for hedging as well in suitable areas. Washington is also one of the oldest and its age is estimated to be about 2,850 years. One of the largest trees along the primitive trail is over 14 feet in diameter, rivaling even some of the redwood trees in northern California. The Pacific Madrone is drought tolerant once established. This page contains specific information about Sitka Spruce ( Picea sitchensis) '7019', which can be found close to Lake Quinault Resort in Lake Quinault (Grays Harbor County). Other Common Names: Canadian Dogwood, and Mountain Dogwood, Average Size at Maturity: 15-40 ft tall and 10-25 ft wide, Flowering Season: Spring and occasionally fall. In 1828 fur trapper Jedidiah Smith said the fort had "a fine garden, some small apple trees and vines." The widely accepted story of the first apple trees planted in Vancouver goes like this: A gentleman at a dinner party in London was given a few apple seeds by . These cold-weather trees are often seen growing alone near the tree line of mountain slopes and enjoy sharp cold winters and mild summers. In such areas Paper Birchs may only live 30 years, although they can reach 100 in more favorable conditions. The needles are sharp, bluish/green, and hard to the touch. When it comes to determining the age of a tree, theres one thing to remember: The height of the tree does not necessarily equate with how long its been around. Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) The Western Hemlock is the official tree of the state of Washington. Where is the biggest tree in Washington state? This trail follows the Ohanapecosh River for approximately 10 miles northward to Caycuse Pass. There are cold lonely mountain peaks that are constantly snowy and areas that are always mild and rarely ever see snow. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The mature trees in this particular grove are hundreds of years old and have developed unique characteristics. The Baker Lake Trail, on the other hand, crosses the Baker River on a long suspension bridge and follows the eastern bank of the lake south for its entire length. The Red Alder is used for furniture as well as the production of paper. 1983: Ken Scholz, Noble Fir Its commonly found alongside streams and rivers or other areas with moist soils. Adrian Patrut et al. Until 2005, the Washington was the second largest tree in the world just after General Sherman towering at 254 feet (77.4 meters). The white papery bark of the Paper Birch peels off to reveal the reddish/brown bark underneath creating a gorgeous two-tone contrast in the landscape. Western junipers are typically found on low slopes and in shallow valleys, often in the presence of mountain sage grass. These trees thrive in the wet climates along Washingtons coast and cluster in deep old growth forests. Several genetically identical males that have reproduced vegetatively. What Is Stair Nosing, and Whats Its Purpose? The leaves are oval, 3-6 long, and shiny green with pointed tips and serrated edges. The diameter of a tree is dependent on several factors, including the local soils, the surrounding trees that are vying for the same nutrients and even the slope where it grows. Alive. Theyre not big trees, theyre just ancient.. Where are the Big Trees in Washington State? For pictures of Heather Lake, click here. history. Part of the tree had to be trimmed as a result of that damage, but the tree remains on Bush's Tumwater farm site. The popularity of the trail is certainly due to the incredible sizes of the cedars and firs here. Later, as the trail exits the forest through switchbacks, the trees appear smaller until hikers reach the rewarding lake. These behemoths owe their uninterrupted growth to their location on an island with rich moisture that has protected them from fire. Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), 17. Of course this inventory contains only tree records as far as they are registered on this site. Have you ever walked down the Hall of Mosses? Restrictions apply. The Idaho Panhandle is home to the Roosevelt Grove of Ancient Cedars, a scenic area 14 miles north of Nordman, Idaho, just across the Washington border. The trail derives its name from the the beavers that dam sections of the river to build their habitats - the same habitats that helped protect the valley from hydroelectric projects downstream. The entire grove sits on a flat bench with a wonderful view of the Muddy River. Western red cedar trees have tiny needles and very small cones. How old are trees in Washington? They are some of the oldest trees found anywhere in North America. The Winter Wonderland Washington Hike You Must Do Before Spring, Hike To These Rocky Caves In Washington For An Out-Of-This World Experience, This Invigorating Washington Trail Takes You Straight To The Top Of The World, This Urban Nature Hike In Washington Offers A Little Bit Of Everything, This Stunning Trail Shows Off 4 of Washingtons Finest Natural Wonders, Fall Is The Perfect Season To Discover This Incredibly Scenic Washington Trail, This Easy Fall Hike In Washington Is Only 2 Miles And Youll Love Every Step You Take, This Spooky Hike In Washington Takes You Straight To A Ghost Town. . 2002: Ed and Cindy Hedlund, Noble Fir Both parks are home to a number of beautiful trails that lead through giant Douglas fir, hemlocks, and cedars. Its home to Olympic Parks largest grand fir, a 246-foot-tall tree that measures over 19 feet in diameter. (CNN) An apple tree thought to be the oldest in the Pacific Northwest has died this summer at 194 years of age. However, the 600-year-old Chinkapin oak in Oley, PA, is still a sight to behold. Sitka spruce trees are massive evergreens named for a town in Alaska where they grow the thickest. You can pick out a Ponderosa pine by its needles which come in clusters of three. The entire grove is dedicated to the late Harold Engles, a Forest Service District Ranger who committed considerable effort to protecting these trees from logging and removal. Its the 150-170 inches of annual rain that give this space its lush green appearance. The branches grow horizontally and the crown has a conical shape, becoming rounded with age. All Rights Reserved. Most of the forested area in the state lies west of the Cascades Range, which supports dense temperate rainforests filled with conifers. This will definitely be one of your most memorable days. In the north, several beautiful overnight backpacking trails into prime virgin ancient old-growth forest are located in Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, North Cascades National Park, and up into Lower Mainland, Canada. The most recent was in in 2004 from Rochester. Other Common Names: Shore Pine, Twisted Pine, Contorta Pine, Average Size at Maturity: 70-80 ft tall and 10-20 ft wide. An essential hike in the ancient forests of Gifford Pinchot National Forest, the Lewis River Trail is one of the best riverside hikes in Cascadia and one of the prettiest. "These trees were growing when the Egyptians were building the pyramids," said my friend Kevin Zobrist, a forester at Washington State University. Its little wonder that these magnificent, powerful and often-ancient life forms leave so many of us in awe. FAQ - Do I need to register my out of state business in Washington state? Among the best of these is the Big Beaver river valley and the accompanying Big Beaver Trail. And for the next mile, the views into the forest only get better. Plant in well-drained rich soil. The thickest, tallest, and oldest trees in Washington; Monkey-puzzle; The thickest, tallest, and oldest Monkey-puzzles (Araucaria araucana) worldwide. Sitka spruce is extremely common in the wet coastal areas of the Pacific, stretching from Washington up through British Columbia and into Alaska. Hikers are treated to occasional views of the rushing river, marshes, and Sourdough Mountain. The needles are flat and sport white lines on their underside, which betrays western hemlocks from other hemlocks. We have many historically significant trees in Washington, and many State Archives records document the people and events related to the state's most historic trees. As hikers travel along the path, there is an amazing sense of being dwarfed by the majesty of this ancient forest. There are different ways to look at Champion trees, says Robert Van Pelt, an affiliate assistant professor at the University of Washington, not to mention the author of several books highlighting Champion Trees of Washington and the Pacific Coast, including Forest Giants of the Pacific Coast. If you want to know more about the different types of dogwood trees and how to identify them, we wrote a great article with pictures included, that is well worth reading. The Western Red Cedar features a pyramidal form and a buttressed base when mature. Young trees have a rounded pyramidal crown, becoming columnar with age. Hide map legend. The Ponderosa Pine is a tall, straight-trunked tree with an irregular, cylindrical open crown. ", "Longevity, climate sensitivity, and conservation status of wetland trees at Black River, North Carolina", "The oldest dated tree of Europe lives in the wild Pollino massif: Italus, a strip-bark Heldreich's pine", "The World's Oldest Living Olive Trees Are Lebanese Time Olive Trees", "Olive trees of Bchaaleh are the oldest olive trees in Lebanon LebanonUntravelled.com", "Oldest yew tree found in Turkey's north", "A town with sacred camphor trees and a new-style library", "Addressing the claim that the Defynnog yewsin Powysmay be 5,000 years old", "Alishan Forest Recreation area has new "tree king", "A Luras il patriarca degli olivastri millenari d'Europa", "Conhecer a Idade das rvores: Importncia e Aplicao", "UTAD classificou oliveira com 2.850 anos! Average Size at Maturity: 15-30 ft tall and 1.5-5 ft wide. The Kalaloch was already a strange-looking tree before a violent storm in 2014 ripped it in half and disfigured it even further. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. But Van Pelt says a Douglas fir in the Queets River Valley that is 45 feet around and 205 feet tall probably has more wood in it. The Grand Fir can grow in the shade and is used for timber. Western red cedars are remarkable trees. OnlyInYourState may earn compensation through affiliate links in this article. Fast-growing in youth, the spherical crown becomes rounded with age. PO Box 40220 Ages for clonal colonies, often based on current growth rates, are estimates. The crown is broad on young trees, flattening on older trees as the lower branches are shed. The states largest tree is a Western red cedar near Lake Quinault. One bald cypress tree ( Taxodium distichum) in the Black River swampland is at least 2,624 years old as of 2018, a new study has found. Instead, estimates are made based on the tree's size and presumed growth rate. The trail is well maintained with bridges located over the largest water crossings. Red alder trees are prized for their growing speed. Its often found at high altitudes on north-facing slopes and canyons. Tree cored by Edmund Schulman, age determined by Tom Harlan. They can be found in the wild as well as in the yards of native Washington residents. These trees can grow as tall as 300 feet and have trunks that exceed 12 in diameter. Its base is covered with interlocking arms of wood extending from its roots up through the trunk. The biggest species here is Alaska Yellow Cedar, with a particularly notable grove around three miles into the hike (pictured below). The oldest specimen of these trees has been estimated to be 1,500 years old or older. If you want to learn more about the different types of fir trees and their identifying features you can read our post on those. The Pacific Dogwood can be found at elevations between 3000-6000 ft along moist streams and riverbanks in either full sun or shade. It features a straight trunk and conical crown and can grow in areas with poor soil. These massive Douglas firs, hemlocks, and cedars will make even the tallest Washington feel small. Quinault, Washington: Valley of the Rainforest Giants. It is uncertain when Methuselah's age was determined, but "it seems likely the tree had 4,789 rings (crossdated) in the summer of 1957". These trees are most often found in remote snowy fields at high elevations in the subalpine zone of mountains stretching from Oregon, Idaho, and Washington then up through Alaska. Based on the size and growth rate of its. Looking for oldest tree in washington state? Find intriguing detours off I-90 on your trip from Seattle to Spokane. Rainier National Park, where the real old-growth begins. Other Common Names: Giant Fir, Lowland White Fir, Balsam Fir, Western White Fir Silver Fir, Oregon Fir, and Vancouver Fir, Average Size at Maturity: 100-250 ft tall and 20-35 ft wide. Carbon River Road used to run through the area but repeated flooding prompted its permanent closure. As a result tree plantations in Washington are replanted primarily with Douglas fir, with some hemlock and cedar seeding in naturally. Image Its believed to be one of the tallest non-redwood trees on the planet. Older trees develop a fissured reddish/brown bark that provides great visual interest. The last table lists clonal colonies in which no individual tree trunks may be remarkably old but in which the organism as a whole is thought to be very old. The reddish/brown bark underneath creating a gorgeous two-tone contrast in the Pacific Northwest, Washington Ghost Towns and Places. 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