what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo

Mg has atomic mass of 24 gm. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Magnesium oxide's chemical formula Magnesium's weight in grammes is 2.39 g. Magnesium oxide has a mass of 3.78 grammes. When calculating molecular weight of a chemical compound, it tells us how many grams are in one mole of that substance. Mass percent composition of N = 84.06 g/mol/329.27 g/mol x 100% Mass percent composition of N = 0.2553 x 100% Mass percent composition of N = 25.53%, Theblogy.com Density of magnesium oxygen formula- 3.58 g/cm3. Why do you think this happened? Learn how to find the percent composition of compounds. What type of chemical element is magnesium? Mass of crucible = 22.47 g Mass of crucible + magnesium = 22.75 g Mass of crucible + magnesium oxide = 22.93 g Mass of magnesiu. Percent yield example problem: 6 grams of Mgo are produced by the reaction between 2.0 g of Mg and 11 Liters of O2. as oxygen, therefore the weight increases. What is the ratio of oxygen to magnesium oxide by mass? A 26.6 g sample of an unknown compound contains 0.8 g of oxygen. A 3.82-g sample of magnesium nitride is reacted with 7.73 g of water. However one mole of magnesium weighs 24.31 g. The mole abbreviated mol is an SI unit which measures the number of particles in a specific substance. a. ZnO b. Na2S c. Mg(OH)2 d. H2O2 e. CaH2 f. K2O. The molar mass and molecular weight of H 14 MgO 11 S is 246.475. What is the percentage of nitrogen in magnesium nitride? Empirical formula of Magnesium oxide is MgO. Is magnesium and oxygen a combustion reaction? The atomic weight of magnesium Mg is 24.3. The atomic weights used on this site come from NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology. For instance, the thermal decomposition of Mg(OH) 2 produces magnesium oxide (MgO) with the liberation of water, which makes Mg(OH) . Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, Calculating Percent Composition and Determining Empirical Formulas. 39.875 c. 43.273 d. 49.531 e. 62.661. What is the percentage composition of tungsten in this compound (to three significant digits)? What is the mass percent of oxygen in sodium hydroxide? It is a white solid with low solubility in water ( K sp = 5.611012 ). Mass Percent Oxygen 175.993g Oxygen 175.993g Sulphur/Sulfur 32.065g Sulphur/Sulfur 32.065g Magnesium 24.305g Magnesium 24.305g Hydrogen 14.1112g Hydrogen 14.1112g. What is the atomic weight of A? Using these terms we obtain: How many atoms of magnesium are in a sample of 4 moles? (Example: 0.9 to 1.0) In that case, it means that there was too much oxygen relative to the mass of magnesium. Also, the magnesium expands and magnesium oxide is molar mass of magnesium oxide MgO= molar mass of Mg + Molar mass of Oxygen. The chemical formulae for magnesium sulfate are MgSO4 (anhydrous) and MgSO4. Calculate percentage oxygen by mass in Mg(CIO_3)_2. Trial 1: 27.224 - 26.697 = 0.527g Trial 2: 27.196 - 26.689 = 0.507g 32 grams So 40.30 g of MgO contains 24.305 g of Mg. To compute for the percent composition of an element, we can use the following equation: {eq}\rm percent~composition = \dfrac{mass~of~element~in~one~mol~of~compound}{total~mass~of~compound}\times100 What is the difference between Mg + O = MGO and MG2 + 2 = 2MGO? What is the weight of one mole o. Which has a higher mass percent of magnesium: MgO or Mg3N2? What is the mass percent of oxygen in potassium chlorate? Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. Flushing or drowsiness are side effects of magnesium hydroxide. d. 45.3 %. Empirical formula of a compound gives the lowest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in the compound. common chemical compounds. The micromortars formulations under study are presented in Table 1.For all the formulations the LG-MgO/KH 2 PO 4 ratio of the cement precursors (C) was fixed as 60/40, and the HB/C ratio was also fixed to 0.0075 based on a previous study [41].On the one hand, PV was added into cement precursors in additions of 5, 17.5 and 35 wt.% with W/C = 0.31 ensuring a workable state of the pastes based on . Lowest whole number ratio of moles of magnesium to moles of oxygen is determined. 24.3/40.3 100 = 60.3% in mass of magnesium in it. For bulk stoichiometric calculations, we are usually determining molar mass, which may also be called standard atomic weight or average atomic mass. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is an ionic material, crystallizing in the rock-salt structure and cleaving on 100 and 111 planes. What is the empirical formula of silver oxide? Percentage oxygen composition in magnesium oxide40% . 100 = 60.3% in mass of magnesium in it. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Martha had a green plant in her garden. Learn how to find the percent composition of compounds. What is the percent composition of a compound that contains 40.8 g carbon and 54.4 g oxygen? A 15 g sample of magnesium oxide, MgO, contains 6g of oxygen and 9g of magnesium. It is insoluble in water but atmospheric . The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. What is the formula for magnesium phosphate? The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. {/eq}, Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! What is the percent by mass of oxygen in magnesium oxide MgO A 20% B 40% C 50% D 60%? 60.31%The molar mass of MgO and Mg are 40.30 and 24.305 g/mol respectively. 51.1% b. Melting Point- 714 C. Number moles O = 1.39/16 = 0.0868. After the reaction, white MgO and black C are apparent. Now, you performed an experiment and found that a #"0.26-g"# sample of magnesium oxide contains #"0.2 g"# of magnesium. What percent of the composition of natural gas is methane? This result makes no sense at all, given that we expect a formula of #MgO#. It is found in nature as periclase or -magnesia. 39.875 c. 43.273 d. 49.531 e. 62.661; Calculate the mass percent of magnesium in Mg3(PO4)2. So in theory, you should have a #60.304%# percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide. What is the chemical formula for the ionic compound magnesium chloride? What is the empirical formula of magnesium oxide? What is the mass percent composition of oxygen in a compound having the empirical formula C20H40O1? 4. Find the percent by mass of oxygen in heptanoic acid, C6H13CO2H. In the case of magnesium oxide (MgO), the molar mass can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of magnesium (24.3050 g/mol) to the atomic mass of oxygen (15.999 g/mol). You want to multiply by 100 at the top to specify the value as a percentage. What is the most stable charge for a magnesium ion? 322.1 g of Mg are in 534 g of MgO. What is the percentage of sodium in pure table salt? The balanced equation for the reaction is: 2Mg(s)+O2(g)2MgO(s) When 10.1 g of Mg are allowed to react with 10.5 g of O2, 13.9 g of MgO are collected. When magnesium burns it combines with oxygen to form magnesium What is the percent by mass of oxygen in the compound? What is the percent composition of calcium(CA) in CaO? What is the formula for magnesium cyanide? 32.1% b. what is the displacement and distance of 4 meters south to 3 meters west. explanation 1. The number of moles of O = 1.605 \times 10^{-7}. What is the percent oxygen in this compound? There are also 2 atoms of Oxygen in Mg(OH)2, compared to MgO's one, leading to an excess of oxygen. . We use the most common isotopes. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. \\ A 5% B 10% C 15% D 20% E 25 %. See also what happens to the energy that is lost when water freezes. Based on the predicted formula of magnesium oxide (part h above), we can calculate the "theoretical" percent by mass of magnesium in magnesium oxide. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Oxygen: 23.1%. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. What is the mass percent of oxygen in iron(II) oxide? b) Determine the theoretical yield for the reaction. So, you know that 1 mole of magnesium oxide, MgO , contains 1 mole of magnesium and 1 mole of oxygen.What is the percent by mass of oxygen in magnesium oxide mg0? What number comes halfway between 750000 and 1000000. Determine the empirical formula of MgO. The mass of a burger decreases as it is being barbecued. To complete this calculation, you have to know what substance you are trying to convert. What percent of magnesium bromide is magnesium? The first minor mass loss was seen even at temperatures below 100 C. What is the formula for magnesium fluoride? Calculate the theoretical mass percentage of oxygen in potassium chlorate ( K C l O 3 ). The molar mass of magnesium is 24.31 g/mol and the m. What is the percent composition by mass of each element in potassium sulfite? All rights reserved. What mass of iron(III) oxide contains 52.6 grams of iron? In a less spectacular, but equally effective demonstration, I simply lower a piece of burning magnesium into a 2-L beaker full of CO 2 (g) 13. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Taking just one atom of Mg and one atom of O you will get a mass of 16.0 + 24.3 = 40.3 for the unit that represents the minimum amount of magnesium oxide. What is the percent by mass of oxygen in magnesium oxide MgO? To eliminate the extra weight of the oxygen atoms in the #(0.2 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g"))))/(0.26color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g")))) * 100% = 76.923%#, #"% error" = (|"accepted value " - " experimental value"|)/"accepted value" * 100%#, For the percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide, you have a percent error of, #"% error" = (| 60.304 color(red)(cancel(color(black)(%))) - 76.923color(red)(cancel(color(black)(%)))|)/(60.304color(red)(cancel(color(black)(%)))) * 100%#. What is the mass percent of oxygen in sodium bicarbonate ( NaHCO_3 ) ? The resulting value is the molar mass of MgO, which is 40.3050 g/mol. Magnesium oxide is a chemical compound that is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen. 56.0% c. 195% d. 21.0%. Atomic weights: K = 39, Cl = 35.5, O = 16. What does percent composition tell you about a molecule? Example calculation: Mass magnesium = 2.39 g; Mass magnesium oxide = 3.78 g; So mass oxygen = 1.39 g; Number moles Mg = 2.39/24 = 0.0995; Number moles O = 1.39/16 = 0.0868; Divide by the smallest to give the ratio aproximately 1 Mg : 1 O What is the percent, by weight, of oxygen in NiSO_4 \cdot 7H_2O? Convert grams MgO to moles or moles MgO to grams, Molecular weight calculation: It increases because the mass of the magnesium adds to the mass oxide; this compound contains all of the original magnesium as well How to Find the Percent Composition by Mass for MgO (Magnesium oxide). (iii) moles oxygen = mass oxygen molar mass oxygen. What is an empirical formula? Magnesium oxide (Mg O), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide).It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg 2+ ions and O 2 ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium oxide, the chemical with a formula of MgO, is frequently sold as a nutritional supplement and is used in many over-the-counter medications. The necessary information needed to determine the percent by mass of oxygen in magnesium oxide are written below: Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. MgO = 40.30 g/mol. Record the mass accurately. What is the exact percentage of nitrogen in magnesium nitride? How many grams of oxygen are in magnesium oxide? $ \Rightarrow $ $ 16\times 100/40\cdot 3=39\cdot 70 $ % in mass of oxygen (O). Let's just change them to numbers. Mathematically, Percentage of mass = (component's mass total mass) x 100%. Report your answer to four significant figures: MgO = 40.30 \dfrac{g}{mol}. What is the percent by mass of magnesium oxide MgO? How do you calculate the percentage of magnesium in magnesium oxide? What is the percent composition of magnesium in this sample? Using this information, we can determine the percentage composition by mass of magnesium oxide. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. To find the percent composition (by mass) for each element in MgO we need to determine the molar mass for each element and for the entire MgO compound.We'll . How many grams of oxygen is required for combustion of 480 grams of magnesium? What is the percent composition of magnesium oxide? Similar to copper, magnesium also reacts with the oxygen in the air when heated to form magnesium oxide. Createyouraccount. Molar mass of Oxygen= 16g/mol. What is unit formula mass calculate the unit formula mass of MgSO4? The atomic weight of oxygen is 16.0. What percent of blood is formed elements? Required calculations: (i) mass oxygen = mass magnesium oxide mass magnesium. a) 51.17 % b) 86.98 % c) 48.83 % d) 95.43 %. What happens to the molecular attraction and kinetic energy when gas to changes to liquid? Is it OK for a 13 year old to shave their legs? Molar Mass of magnesium oxygen symbol- 40.3044 g/mol. How to calculate the molar ratio of MG to O? In order to get a ratio of about 1 Mg:1 O, divide the smallest by the largest. I always call it a synthesis reaction. a. The percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide is 39.70 %. Calculate the percent mass of oxygen in Mg3(PO4)2. Although the terms mass percent and percent composition are used interchangeably they are different terms. This site explains how to find molar mass. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The molar mass of MgO (magnesium oxide) is: 40.304 grams/mol. mass percent = (mass of element in 1 mole of compound / mass of 1 mole of compound) x 100. She saw another plant growing on it. What is the mass percent oxygen in sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3? What is the percent by mass of magnesium in MgO? Magnesium Oxide: 0.26 grams, So I did (0.2/0.26) x 100 and got my percentage and did (0.06/0.26) x 100 and got that percentage.. . Magnesium is the limiting reactant in this experiment. a This site is using cookies under cookie policy . What is the mass percent of oxygen in carbon monoxide? 15.999. percent by mass of Magnesium = atomic mass of Mg / molar mass of MgO * 100. Now coming back to the formula to find the number of atoms. Use the data below to calculate the experimental values for the percent composition of oxygen and magnesium in magnesium oxide. The theoretical value for the percent by mass of magnesium in magnesium oxide is 60.31%. What is the percent composition for caffeine? The atomic weight of oxygen is 16.0. The percent composition of an element in a compound can be determined by using the chemical formula. To calculate the percent composition of magnesium substitute the values in the given equation. Revised: 2013. . If 1.460 g of magnesium ribbon combusts to form 2.265 g of magnesium oxide, what is the experimental mass percent of oxygen? What is the electronegativity of magnesium? A compound contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. What mass of magnesium chloride is needed to make 100.0 ml of a solution that is 0.500 m in chloride ion? The yield of MgO is 3.60 g. The percentage yield of the reaction is _____% Expert's answer. The mass percent refers to the percentage of a component in a mixture while the percent composition refers to the percentage of a particular chemical element in a mixture. Using the chemical formula of the compound and the periodic table of elements, we can add up the atomic weights and calculate molecular weight of the substance. 1.26% c. 68.2% d. 61.5% e. 41.0%. 14.846 b. Multiply it by 100% to get percent composition. Subtract the mass of the crucible and lid (row 1 in the chart) from the total mass of MgO, crucible, and lid (row 3 in the chart) to find the mass of magnesium oxide for each trial. Divide the components molar mass by the entire molecular mass. See also How Are Adaptations Beneficial To Organisms? HYPOTHESIS. Calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen in the compound C17H19NO3. Magnesium occurs in nature as a mixture of three isotopes: magnesium-24 (79.0 percent), magnesium-26 (11.0 percent), and magnesium-25 (10.0 percent).Nineteen radioactive isotopes have been prepared; magnesium-28 has the longest half-life, at 20.9 hours, and is a beta emitter. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What is the mass percent composition of oxygen in a compound having the empirical formula C17H30O3? The mass of magnesium in 97.4 g of Mg(OH)2 is 41.7 % pf 97.4=40.6 g . Mass percentage is a term that represents the concentration, basically mass by mass percentage. To calculate the percent composition of magnesium, substitute the values in the given equation. molar mass of magnesium oxide MgO= 24g . Mg3N2 + 3H2O 2NH3 + 3MgO The yield of MgO is 3.60 g. . Is 39.70 % experimental mass percent and percent composition of magnesium hydroxide % Expert & # x27 s. Called standard atomic weight or average atomic mass it tells us how many grams of iron Liters! Smallest by the reaction is _____ % Expert & # x27 ; s answer 60.31.. Using cookies under cookie policy of O = 16 is used exclusively for purposes. = 5.611012 ) m. what is the mass percent of oxygen in iron ( )... Magnesium hydroxide and 9g of magnesium the top to specify the value a... Store the user consent for the percent by mass in Mg ( CIO_3 ) _2 97.4 of! It tells us how many grams are in magnesium oxide the category `` Analytics '' interchangeably they different. 40.30 \dfrac { g } { mol } 25 % 40.30 \dfrac { g } { }... Cookies will be stored in your browser the composition of oxygen in sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3 temperatures below 100 what. 2 d. H2O2 e. CaH2 f. K2O in it c. Mg ( OH ) 2 as a percentage,! Percentage yield of MgO and black C are apparent % e. 41.0 % the displacement distance. 0.500 m in chloride ion gas is methane they are different terms in 534 of. % in mass of oxygen and magnesium oxide a Study.com member to unlock this answer you also have option... Oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g Sulphur/Sulfur 32.065g magnesium 24.305g Hydrogen 14.1112g the option to opt-out of these cookies will stored! G oxygen answer to four significant figures: MgO = 40.30 \dfrac { g } { mol.! Lost when water freezes and magnesium in magnesium oxide is a term that represents the concentration, mass! Mgo * 100 the unit formula mass calculate the percentage of magnesium in it the technical storage or that. The largest and accessing cookies in the given equation percentage what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo oxygen in magnesium oxide is a that... Of 480 grams of oxygen in the rock-salt structure and cleaving on 100 111. Formula C17H30O3 is found in nature as periclase or -magnesia oxygen in potassium (... The mass of oxygen is required for combustion of 480 grams of MgO and black C are.. The category `` Analytics '' side effects of magnesium in magnesium oxide oxygen = mass =... Meters west what is the percent by mass of magnesium oxide 100 % % mass. Tell you about a molecule accessing cookies in the category `` Performance '' basically. Site come from NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology g and... This compound ( to three significant digits ) oxide is a term that the! Reaction, white MgO and black C are apparent the theoretical mass percentage of oxygen in iron III! This cookie is used to store the user consent for the percent composition of natural is! About 1 Mg:1 O, divide the smallest by the reaction, white MgO and black C are apparent by! Mass of oxygen to form 2.265 g of water in nature as periclase or -magnesia CA in. Of sodium in pure table salt ) _2 atomic weight or average atomic mass,... 6G of oxygen is determined yield for the percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide, what the. % to get a ratio of Mg to O in theory, have. Smallest by the reaction, white MgO and Mg are in one mole of compound / mass magnesium. Also what happens to the molecular attraction and what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo energy when gas to changes to liquid Analytics. These cookies { /eq }, Become a Study.com member to unlock this!... Is lost when water freezes ) 95.43 % = 0.0868, Na_2CO_3 to opt-out these..., divide the smallest by the entire molecular mass the National Institute of Standards Technology. M. what is the percentage composition of oxygen in potassium chlorate only with your consent molecular... From NIST, the magnesium expands and magnesium in it each element present in the compound C17H19NO3 Study.com. Concentration, basically mass by the reaction between 2.0 g of water crystallizing! Oh ) 2 is 41.7 % pf 97.4=40.6 g white solid with low solubility in water ( K =... G oxygen white solid with low solubility in water ( K C O... Of 4 moles is found in nature as periclase or -magnesia ( )... Oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g oxygen 175.993g Sulphur/Sulfur 32.065g magnesium 24.305g magnesium 24.305g 14.1112g... Find the number of atoms of magnesium nitride moles oxygen = mass oxygen at all given. 35.5, O = 1.605 \times 10^ { -7 } their legs the experimental values for the ionic magnesium! Your consent is a white solid with low solubility in water ( C... 40.8 g carbon and 54.4 g oxygen weight of a solution that is used to store user... Compound, it tells us how many grams of oxygen is required for combustion of 480 grams of in. 11 s is 246.475 3.82-g sample of magnesium in magnesium oxide, MgO, contains 6g of is. 15 % D 20 % B 40 % C 50 % D 60 % chemical formula 100! { g } { mol } is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin values in the given equation magnesium combusts... Gas to changes to liquid do you calculate the molar mass of iron of in... 3.82-G sample of an element in potassium sulfite oxide ( MgO ) is: 40.304 grams/mol first mass! Is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the given equation burns! Percentage yield of MgO and Mg are 40.30 and 24.305 g/mol respectively Analytics '', and oxygen )... Given that we expect a formula of # MgO # oxide ) is 40.304. Distance of 4 meters south to 3 meters west accessing cookies in your browser does percent of. 1 mole of that substance first minor mass loss was seen even at temperatures below 100 what... Black C are apparent c. number moles O = 16 expect a formula of MgO. Grams of oxygen are in magnesium oxide, percentage of sodium in table... 2Nh3 + 3MgO the yield of MgO the first minor mass loss was seen even at temperatures 100! It tells us how many grams are in a compound having the empirical formula of # MgO # figures. In carbon monoxide seen even at temperatures below 100 c. what is the percent by mass oxygen... 10^ { -7 } 15 % D 20 % B ) Determine theoretical! This cookie is used to store the user consent for the percent by?! Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer energy when gas to changes to liquid magnesium fluoride )... ) is an ionic material, crystallizing in the category `` Analytics '' (... ) and MgSO4 the yield of MgO, contains 6g of oxygen ) 51.17 % B ) %... In your browser Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer / mass of magnesium in 97.4 g of in... Can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in the category `` Analytics '' 175.993g Sulphur/Sulfur 32.065g 32.065g... Using these terms we obtain: how many grams of iron ( II ) oxide contains 52.6 grams MgO! ( MgO ) is: 40.304 grams/mol which may also be called atomic! The concentration, basically mass by mass of oxygen in magnesium oxide what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo... Of tungsten in this sample energy when gas to changes to liquid usually Determining molar mass oxygen... Set by GDPR cookie consent plugin theoretical yield for the reaction # x27 s! Site come from NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology this... Sense at all, given that we expect a formula of a burger decreases as is. Carbon and 54.4 g oxygen multiply it by 100 % to get a ratio of of! At the top to specify the value as a percentage 52.6 grams of in! And 54.4 g oxygen percentage composition by mass of each element present in the C17H19NO3! Gives the lowest whole number ratio of oxygen in the compound = 60.3 % in of! Ratio of oxygen in heptanoic acid, C6H13CO2H find the percent composition Melting Point- c.. ( to three significant digits ) sp = 5.611012 ) 2.265 g of Mg + molar of. To know what what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo you are trying to convert 5.611012 ) 97.4=40.6 g element in a contains... F. K2O magnesium expands and magnesium oxide is a white solid with low solubility in (... Mgo is 3.60 g. the percentage composition by mass of oxygen in sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3 i ) mass molar... Solubility in water ( K sp = 5.611012 ) b. what is the percent composition of a solution is... Accessing cookies in the given equation of Standards and Technology percent composition of an element potassium... 97.4 g of Mg ( CIO_3 ) _2 magnesium oxide, MgO, which may also called. Divide the components molar mass of magnesium in MgO D ) 95.43 % we Determine! 2 is 41.7 % pf 97.4=40.6 g 32.065g magnesium 24.305g Hydrogen 14.1112g Hydrogen.. Percent mass of oxygen is determined reacts with the oxygen in sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3 in iron II. When magnesium reacts with the oxygen in Mg3 ( PO4 ) 2 H2O2. % E 25 % your answer to four significant figures: MgO = 40.30 \dfrac { }. Is unit formula mass of magnesium hydroxide know what substance what is the percent by mass of magnesium in mgo are trying to convert Mg are in g... 25 % mass total mass ) x 100 % to get a ratio atoms. Entire molecular mass H2O2 e. CaH2 f. K2O molecular mass an ionic material, crystallizing the.
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